Cutter-head.



No. 650,342. Patented May 22, I900.

E. H. TAYLOR.

CUTTER HEAD.

(Application filed Dec. 18, 1897.)

(No Model.)

o torney "r norms PETERS o0. PMo'm-uyna. WASH of the said line.

' ception thereof on the corresponding ends of a Ni a z ST PATENT OFFICE.

EUGENE H. TAYLOR, OF LYNN, MASSACHUSETTS.

@UTTER-HEAE).

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Paar, No. 650,342, dated May 22, 1900.

Application filed December 18,1897. Sria1 Nol662A21. (NoinodelJ To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EUGENE H. TAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Lynn, in the county of Essex and State of Massachu setts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gutter-Heads, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 of the said drawings is a view in elevation of a cutter head embodying my present invention. Fig. 2 is a view thereof in axial section on the plane which is indicated by the dotted line 2 2 in Fig. 1 looking in the direction which is indicated by the arrows that are adjacent to the opposite ends Fig. 3 is a View on the or der of a diagram or development, showing on asomewhat-reduced scale the series of cutters which is or may be employed in eonnec tion with the cutter-head of Figs. 1 and2 and showing their position relative to one another.

1 designates a central sleeve which is intended to fit upon the exterior of the arbor to which my improved cutter-head is applied in practice.

2 2 and 3 3 are bars which are mounted upon the exterior of said sleeve, in the present instance at and adjacent to one end of the latter. The said bars have holes at midlength thereof of proper size and shape to fit the exterior of the sleeve 1. They are disposed in pairs, and the respective pairs cross each other. (See more particularly Fig. 1.) To the outer ends of the bars are applied the cutters 4 4:, &c., each cutter being clamped between jaws which are provided for the rea pair of the said bars 2 2 and 3 3. Thus, as will be seen on reference to Fig. 1, each pair of the bars 2 2 and 3 3 holds two of the cutters 4 4, one cutter being held at each end of each pair of the bars. The cutters have projecting ribs 44 44, &c., and flanges, plates, or

- on their proximate sides with undercut angular or V-shaped grooves 7 7, fitting the beveled edges of the flanges, plates, or bodies 5 of the cutters-and thereby constituting of the cutters, as shown clearly in Fig. 1.

jaws, which are provided for their reception at the opposite ends of the respective pairs of bars 2 2 and 3 3 by grooving the said ends,

- as has just beendescribed and as illustrated most clearly in Fig. 2 ot' the drawings, the respective pairs of bars are compressed upon the said cutters so as to clamp the latter in place. To this end I employ bolts, as 8 8, &c., two to each pair of bars 2 2'0r 3 3, there being one such bolt at each end of the respective pair of bars, and I apply nuts 9 9 to the threaded portions of the said bolts, as shown clearly in Figs. 1 and 2. The grooves 7 7 cross the ends of the bars 2 2 and 3 3 after the fashion of parts of spirals at a slight inclination or obliquity, (see Fig. 1,) their rear portions tending inward toward the center, so as to give radial clearance to the rear portions of the cutters. The cutters, and in consequence the grooves, preferably are curved in the direction of the length of the ment of the cutters is eflected, as will be obvious, by loosening the nuts 9 9, 850., moving the cutters lengthwise within the grooves of the bars 2 2 and 3 3, and tightening up the said nuts again. To prevent the pair of bars 3 3 from turning relatively to the pair of bars 2 2 around the axis of the sleeve 1, the bars 2 2 are grooved or recessed transversely, as at 10 10,'to receive the bars 3 3.

11 is a shoulder or flange on the exterior of the sleeve 1, against which shoulder or flange one of the bars 2 takes bearing, and 12 is a short sleeve or collar fitting upon the exterior of the centralsleeve 1 and making contact with the other bar 2.

13 is a collar that is screwthreaded internally like a nut and is turned onto the threaded portion 14 of the central sleeve 1, it bearing against the end of the said outer sleeve or collar 12 which is opposite to that end thereof that bears against the bar 2, as aforesaid. By turning up the said nut 13 it presses the sleeve 12 endwise on the central sleeve 1, thereby clamping the bars 2 2 and interposed cutters 4: 4: between the end of sleeve 12 and the flange or shoulder 11 of the central sleeve Adj ust- 1, so as to hold the said cutters gripped between the ends of the bars 22 and also hold the said bars from movement longitudinally of the sleeve 1. The sleeve or collar 12 is exteriorly threaded at and fits a threaded opening within the proximate or left-hand bar 3. Rotation of the said outer sleeve or collar 12 upon the central sleeve 1 shifts or adjusts the pair of bars 3 3 lengthwise of the said central sleeve, so as to shift the cutters 4 4 which are carried thereby laterally with relation to the cutters which are carried by the pairs of bars 2 2. In this way I effect lateral adjustment of alternate cutters with relation to the remaining ones. For the purpose of facilitating the rotation of the nut or -collar 13 and sleeve or collar 12 they are provided with holes 16 16 at suitable intervals around the same, adapted to receive a projecting portion of a wrench or other tool.

17 designates a short block which is introduced into the outer or left-hand end of the central sleeve 1, it being fixed in place therein in any suitable manner, as by meansof a clamping-screw 18, passing through a threaded hole in the shell of the sleeve 1 and taking bearing against the side of the said block.

Through the block 17 extends a threaded hole concentric with the axis of sleeve 1, which hole receives the threaded stem of an ad j usting-screw 19, the inner end of which screw projects inwardly beyond the block 17, while the outwardly-projecting end thereof receives the lock-nut 20, the said lock-nut making contact with the exposed end of the block 17. The said inner end is intended to contact with the extreme end of the shaft to which "the cutter-head is applied, so as to limit the extent to which it may he slipped on said shaft.

120 is a binding-screw applied to sleeve 1 and intended to take bearing by its inner end against the surface of the shaft to which the cutter-head is applied in order to cause the two to rot-ate in unison.

My improved cutter-head has been designed more especially for use in trimming the edges such use.

of boards and forming grooves and longitudinal tongues or tenons therein or thereon, although it is not necessarily restricted to The cutters may have any required width, according to the general requirements'of the work which they are intended to perform. The cutting edges are at 441 on the top of the rib 44, at 442 on the outer side of the said rib, and at 443 on the flange at the outer side of said rib. The end of the rib 44 roughs out the depression that is to be formed in the edge of the board.

The'outer side of the said rib smooths off the wall that is left adjacent to the depression,

edge of the board.

and the end of the said flange smooths off the outer surface of the projecting portion of the The lateral adjustment of one pair of cutters with relation to the other pair thereof enables me to adapt the cutter-head without removal and replacement of the cutters thereof to the formation of tongues and grooves of various widths within the capacity of a given set of cutters.

In explanation of the working of the cutter-head reference may be had to Fig. 3, in which figure the series of cutters which are carried by the cutter-head are shown extended or developed on a plane with the respective cutters arranged as in practice with reference to the middle line of the width of the groove which it may be assumed it is intended to produce. The side edge at 442 of the rib 44 of each cutter operates to smooth 0% the side of the wall that is produced by the action of the cutter-head. In order to avoid all roughing and checking of the surface of the said wall, such as would be produced by contact of lateral portions of the rear part of a cutter therewith, I provide for lateral clearance of each cutter by giving to the grooves 7 7 a lateral obliquity or inclination, such as would be possessed by portions of spirals encircling the cutter-head. This gives to each cutter when mounted in the said grooves a lateral obliquity or inclination from the working end thereof rearwardly away from the side of the vertical wall which is produced by the action of such cutter and which isintended to form the side of the tongue or groove, as the case may be.

Fig. 3 shows clearly the obliquity or inclination which has just been referred to. As will be obvious, alternate cutters incline in opposite directions. This is shown in Fig. 3. As will be obvious from inspection of Fig. 3, by adjustment of alternate cutters transversely or laterally with relation to the others the width of the groove that is produced by the action of the cutters may be varied with great precision to the desired extent within the capacity of the cutters. This adjustment may be effected readily by the aid of the sleeve or collar 12, the said sleeve being held locked to retain the adjustment by means of the not or collar 13. When the cutters are adapted and arranged suitably for forming a tongue or longitudinal tenon, the adjustment thereof in manner as aforesaid enables the width of the said tongue or longitudinal tenon to be varied. In some cases the same cutters will answer for both tonguing and grooving. To permit this, however, when the cutters have the lateral clearance which is represented in Fig. 3 they will have to be shifted from one pair of the arms 2 2 and 3 3 to the other pair thereof, according as the lengths of the cutters are required to converge,which is the case when cutting away the material on opposite sides of a tongue or longitudinal tenon, or are required to diverge, which is the case when cutting a groove. The working end of each cutter is kept in condition for operation by grinding ofi such end on an oblique line, and as the cutter shortens in con= sequence of grinding it is advanced between the jaws by which it is olam'pedat the ends of one of the pairs of bars 2 2 or 3 3.

I claim as my invention- 1. The improved cutter-head comprising a body portion, as 1, provided with or carrying a plurality of pairs of arms standing at different angles and having the arms of the respective pairs interleaved, cutters held between jaws at the ends of each pair of arms, and-means to draw the said jaws of each pair of arms together against the corresponding cutters, to clamp the cutters in place.

2. The improved cutter-head comprising the body portion or sleeve 1, the plurality of pairs of arms applied to the same and crossing at an angle with the arms of the respective pairs interleaved, the cutters having flanges or bodies held edgewise between jaws at the ends of the arms constituting each pair, and means to draw the arms of each pair toward each other to clamp the cutters in place.

3. The improved cutter-head comprising a body portion as 1, provided with or carrying comprising the body portion or sleeve 1, the

plurality of pairs of arms applied to the same crossing at an angle relatively to each other and arranged to enable the cutters of the different pairs of arms to cooperate in producing a tongue or groove, the cutters held be tween jaws at the ends of such arms, and means to efiect lateral adjustment of one pair of said arms and the cutter or cutters carried thereby relatively to the other pair of arms and the cutter or cutters carried thereby.

5. The improved cutter-head comprising the body portion or sleeve 1, the plurality of pairs of arms applied to the same crossing at an angle relatively to each other, and arranged to enable the cutters of the different pairs of arms to cooperate in producing a tongue or groove, the cutters held between jaws at the ends of such arms, and the collar carried by the said sleeve and serving to adjust one pair of the said arms and the cutter or cutters carried thereby laterally with relation to the other pair of arms and the cutter or cutters carried thereby.

6. The improved cutter-head comprising the body or sleeve shouldered as at .11, the plurality of pairs of arms mounted on said body, or sleeve and standing at an angle relatively to each other, the cutters held between the ends of the arms of each pair, and the collar carried by the said body or sleeve and serving to hold one pair of said arms in place as well as to adjust the other pair thereof laterally with respect to the first pair thereof. 4

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

EUGENE H. TAYLOR. lVitnesses:

CHAS. F. RANDALL, WM. A. MAoLEoD. 

